Celebrating Climate Week with Electric Cars

The transportation sector is our nation’s largest contributor to greenhouse gas pollution. Earlier this week, Governor Andrew Cuomo revealed that the New York State EVolve NY Charger Network, an initiative announced in July to “accelerate the deployment of more than 50,000 charging stations by 2025,” has installed four new Direct Current Fast Chargers in Dutchess County. This expansion of charging stations right here in the mid-Hudson Valley is an exciting reason for us at p+d to celebrate Climate Week, a New York State initiative to spread awareness about climate change and educate residents of the state on ways we may lower our carbon footprints.

An electric car charger was installed even closer to home for us, at the Town of Wallkill Town Hall, just minutes away from our Middletown, NY office. The charger was provided and installed by General Electric (GE) as part of the Town’s Solar Field Project. GE commissioned a 2.4 megawatts solar generation project in June 2016 and provided the charger and required electric power to the Town free of cost.  

Electric Car

p+d’s principal and president Jason A. Pitingaro, PE recently purchased a 2019 Volkswagon e-golf, which has a battery range of 186 miles, perfect for his daily commutes to and from our office. Thanks to the electric car charger at the Wallkill Town Hall, Jason never has to worry about running low on charge.

After owning a Prius hybrid since 2008, I thought it was time to take the next step and go fully electric. There are still State rebates and federal incentives, and with the cost of gas continually in flux, it just made sense. Plus, since our office is right next door to the Town of Wallkill and they have such a great system available, it really is convenient. – Jason

In honor of Climate Week, and to celebrate the efforts in the Mid-Hudson Valley to lower our carbon footprint within the transportation sector, we explore the history, usage trends, and benefits of driving electric cars:

Though electric cars may seem like an invention of the future, the very first electric car actually debuted sometime around 1828. One of the first iterations of the electric car came in the form of an electric carriage which was “powered by non-rechargeable primary cells.” Years later, the electric car, after several advancements and modernizations, was very briefly considered America’s preferred vehicle; Medium reports that “one-third of all vehicles on the road” in 1899 were electric vehicles, and that “New York City even had its own fleet of more than 60 electric taxis.”

Since the turn of the (nineteenth) century, the electric car has waned in popularity: as of October 2018, it was reported that 1 million electric cars had been sold since the United States started more thoroughly pursuing the electric vehicle market. While 1 million may sound like a large number, Scientific American provides some context: “EVs still only represent just over 1 percent of the country’s vehicle fleet.”

Despite the fact that electric cars make up the minority of America’s vehicle fleet, there is no shortage of companies producing them. Early this year, U.S. News provided a comprehensive list of the best electric cars of 2020, naming the well-known brands Fiat, Honda, Nissan, Tesla, BMW, Kia, Volkswagen, Hyundai, Chevrolet, Audi and Jaguar as among the best producers of certain models.

The ideal consumers for electric cars are those who have easy access to charging stations, whether at home, at their place of business, or at a nearby public facility such as a mall or gas station, those who do not need to worry about traveling a far distance in one trip, and those who are seeking ways to lower their carbon footprint. Ipsos, an independent market research company, conducted a study in 2017 that posed the question, “Is There a Target Market for Electric Vehicles?” The researchers found that while the market is quite narrow, with millennials comprising most of the EV community because of their “broad tech knowledge,” “Adoption among consumers can also be enhanced with advances in battery technology and expanded charging station infrastructure.”

So where can an EV owner charge their car in New York State? The New York State Energy Research and Development Authority’s website offers an interactive charging station locator map that allows users to input their zip code, fuel type, charger type, and connector type. Having to frequently scope out locations to fuel up your car may prove burdensome for drivers, but there are several benefits to owning an electric vehicle. As enumerated by the U.S. Department of Energy, EVs “reduce the emissions that contribute to climate change and smog, improving public health and reducing ecological damage.” EVs can also save you money!

Lastly, some humor, free of charge:

 Q:     What do you call someone who stole an electric car?

A:     A Joule Thief!

Addressing Trihalomethanes in the Town of Wallkill

p+d has completed a study that determined the deficiencies contributing to high levels of trihalomethanes (THM) in the water supply for the Town of Wallkill. THM occur within water systems as a result of the necessary disinfection process used to rid drinking water of naturally occurring microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses. Chlorine, commonly used within the disinfection process, can sometimes react to these microorganisms and create harmful disinfection byproducts such as THM. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), a high level of THM in drinking water can lead to ill effects on the body such as “colon cancer for those aged 60 years or more and bladder cancer among non-smokers.” WHO also explains the significant factors that come together to potentially increase THM levels in drinking water: “the type and concentrations of organic materials in the raw water, the chlorine reaction time, temperature, and chlorination pH.” The study conducted by p+d had to focus on each factor in order to arrive at an effective solution for eliminating the harmful substance.

The Town of Wallkill was required to release a statement to residents in August of 2018 alerting them to the heightened levels of THM and residents were again warned early this year about the potential contaminants.

The Town accepted a proposal from p+d on January 23, which allowed us to evaluate their treatment process, storage system, and distribution network to discover the deficiencies contributing to the high levels of THM. More specifically, we proposed a project to install an agitator within the Town’s water storage tanks and thoroughly clean the inside of the tanks, ridding its walls of any organic materials that might be interacting with the chlorine. The agitator circulates the water to lower its age and prevent thermal stratification.

Most important to us is ensuring that the Town will experience long-term benefits from our evaluation and improvements. We are now in the process of designing the tank rehabilitations and conducting the cleaning that was recommended post-study. Providing continued rehabilitation of the greensand filters at each of the Town’s treatment plants and the installation of a chlorine booster station near the Washington Heights Storage Tanks will allow the Town to maintain a required free chlorine residual of 0.2 mg/l. 

p+d Selected to Complete Trihalomethanes Study

Our team was tasked with evaluating the treatment process, storage system and distribution network in the Town of Wallkill to discover the deficiencies contributing to high levels of THM in the water supply

THM occur within water systems as a result of the disinfection process. All drinking water sources could contain microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses, so the water is disinfected to destroy those microorganisms. Chlorine (by way of liquid sodium hypochlorite) is the most common disinfectant for treating drinking water.  When chlorine is added to water that has natural organic matter, disinfection byproducts develop. THM are the most common type of byproduct. The level of THM in the water is therefore directly related to the organic content of the source water, the amount of chlorine that is added to the water as a disinfectant and the age of the water in the system.

To improve water quality and lower THM levels, our team made several short- and long-term recommendations, including rehabilitating a storage tank in an area where THM levels have exceeded the EPA limit, installing mixers in the tank, and continuing to rehabilitate greensand filters at the Town’s water treatment facilities.

Following the completion of this study, the Town will move forward with projects that will maintain its infrastructure and yield better water quality for the district’s users.